A suspected outbreak of Hantavirus aboard a transatlantic cruise ship has brought renewed global attention to the rare but potentially deadly infection. Health authorities, including the World Health Organization, have confirmed some linked cases, prompting increased monitoring and public awareness.
Here are 10 key things to know about hantavirus:
1. Spread mainly by rodents
Hantavirus is carried by rodents such as rats and mice. Humans typically become infected through contact with contaminated urine, saliva, or droppings.
2. It can become airborne
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the virus can spread when dried rodent waste is disturbed, releasing contaminated particles into the air that are then inhaled.
3. Transmission through bites is possible
Though less common, infection can occur through rodent bites or scratches.
4. Causes severe lung disease
One major condition linked to the virus is Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, which affects the lungs and can quickly become life threatening.
5. Early symptoms mimic common illnesses
Initial signs include fever, fatigue, headaches, muscle pain, chills, dizziness, and stomach issues, making early detection difficult.
6. Breathing complications can be fatal
As the disease progresses, severe respiratory distress may develop. Mortality rates for advanced cases can be high.
7. Another form affects the kidneys
Hantavirus can also cause Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, leading to internal bleeding, low blood pressure, and kidney failure.
8. No specific cure yet
There is currently no approved targeted treatment. Medical care focuses on supportive measures such as oxygen therapy and intensive care support.
9. Found worldwide
Cases have been reported across multiple regions, particularly in Asia and Europe, with significant numbers recorded annually.
10. Prevention is key
Avoiding exposure to rodents remains the most effective protection. Sealing homes and using protective gear when cleaning infested areas are strongly advised.
The recent cases reported on a voyage between Argentina and Cape Verde have heightened concern, especially following reports of multiple deaths. Health officials continue to track developments closely to prevent further spread.
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